Magnetic Interactions and Distribution of Ions in the Garnets

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Abstract
Since the discovery of the magnetic yttrium and rare earth irongarnets, a systematic investigation hasbeen made of interactions of magnetic ions and the distribution of both magnetic and non-magnetic ionsin the garnets. The results of substitution of the tetravalent tin for Fe 3+ ion in yttrium-iron garnet (balancedby substitution of Ca 2+ for Y 3+ ions) have led to the development by Gilleo of a statistical interactiontheory which accounts well for the spontaneous magnetizations and Curie temperatures of the system.This theory has been further strengthened by results from zirconium substituted yttrium-iron garnets andby its successful extension to substituted rare earth irongarnets. In the course of our investigations, many new garnets have been discovered. Several of these have enabledus to observe directly interactions between magnetic ions in dodecahedral and octahedral sites, dodecahedraland tetrahedral sites, octahedral sites only and tetrahedral sites only. The work on the garnets has alsoalready been adequately extensive to lead to the establishment of some rather simple rules pertaining to sitepreference of ions entering the garnets.