Crystal controlled oscillators for radiation environments

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Abstract
Crystal controlled oscillators have usually been designed to obtain optimum frequency stability; however, in some applications reliability in adverse operating environments is more important than frequency stability. This paper discusses some design tradeoffs between frequency stability and operational reliability as applied to oscillators used in a transient radiation environment. Experimental results have confirmed that design margins have been realized, and observed performance of crystal-controlled oscillators during exposure to transient ionizing radiation has led to new insight into the short-term effects of radiation on quartz crystals.

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