Infradian cycles of oxygen consumption in diapausing pupae of the flesh fly, Sarcophaga crassipalpis, monitored by a scanning microrespirographic method

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Abstract
Fine details of the infradian O2 consumption cycles that characterize pupal diapause in flesh flies have been monitored by a newly designed microrespirographic method coupled with an electronically regulated O2 generator. During the 4–5 days between the peaks of elevated O2 consumption the diapausing pupae maintained a very low and fairly constant respiratory rate (13 μl O2 · g−1 · h−1). During the intercalated peaks of increased respiratory metabolism, which lasted an average of 33.6 h at 24–27°C, the average maximum rate of O2 consumption was 86.9 μl · g−1 · h−1, a value 6.7 times higher than the interpeak values. The respiratory peaks started abruptly in some cases, while the decline was consistently gradual. During the periods between the peaks there were no discontinuous bursts of CO2 release, a feature common to diapause in many other insects. Diapause was characteristically terminated during a peak of the O2 consumption cycle. At diapause termination O2 consumption remained at the maximum values of the peak for many hours and then gradually increased to levels characteristic of nondiapause development.