Evaluation of Chemical and Physical Treatments to Prevent Germination of Tilletia indica Teliospores

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Abstract
Mixtures of healthy wheat seeds and seeds infected with Tilletia indica were soaked in formaldehyde solution, ethanol, hot water (54 c), commercial bleach, chlorine dioxide, cupric acetate, quaternary ammonium solution, or mercuric chloride, exposed to dry heat, or fumigated with methyl bromide, sulfur dioxide, chloropicrin, for ethylene oxide. Teliospore germination was assessed after all treatments, and wheat seed germination was assessed after most treatments. No treatment was completley satisfactory as a speed treatment because teliospores could not be eradicated without a concomitant adverse effect on wheat seed germination. A 20- to 30-min soak in formaldehyde solution (5-10 mg/ml), 2% mercuric chloride, or 40% ethanol was initially promising, but the inability to eradicate deep-seated teliospores, transient inhibition of teliospore germination, and poor wheat seedling emergence and vigor in the soil made these seed treatments unsatisfactory.

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