Factors Influencing the Lifetime of Pure Beta‐Alumina Electrolyte

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Abstract
The influence of some impurities on the aging and the lifetime of sodium‐sulfur and sodium‐sodium experimental cells is studied. The aging mechanism involves an ion exchange between impurities of the reactants and the sodium ions of the β‐alumina lattice. In particular, introduction of potassium changes lattice parameters of β‐alumina and Na+ mobility. An important conclusion of this work is that pure β‐alumina does allow the transfer of large amounts of total charge (i.e., of sodium ions) before failure. The present figures are in excess of 1700 A‐hr/cm2. These results have enabled the authors to construct Na‐S cells which have given in excess of 4,000 cycles or 16,000 hr of continuous operation.

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