On the Geology of Bolivia and Southern Peru

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Abstract
In laying before the Society a statement of the observations made during an examination of Peru and Bolivia, in the years 1857, 1858, 1859, and 1860. I may observe that the present memoir is to be considered as the first part of a report of the results, obtained during my travels in South America during these years; and, consequently, it is believed that the conclusions here arrived at will have more weight when considered in conjunction with the observations on the geology and mineralogy of the neighbouring republics of Chile and the Argentine provinces, which subsequently I shall have the honour to lay before the Society,—more particularly as several of the geological formations not well developed or examined into in the district forming the subject of this memoir exhibit themselves much more characteristically further south. Many points will be found not so elucidated or examined into as could be desired, and might appear to have been neglected; this, however, has not arisen from oversight, but is due to the great difficulties and frequently severe privations encountered in exploring a country in many parts entirely uninhabited or in next to a savage condition, and further by my having been limited as to time and pecuniary resources, and hampered by other occupations and by the political state of the country.

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