Effect of Combining Ultrasonography and Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Findings for the Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules

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Abstract
To assess the accuracy of ultrasonography and cytology in predicting malignancy in thyroid nodules. Prospective open study. Thyroid centre, Japan. 329 nodules in 309 patients examined by a new ultrasound scanner and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Comparison of ultrasonographic, cytological, and combined diagnosis with the histological diagnosis. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of each diagnostic method. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy were 84%, 87%, 85% for cytological diagnosis, and 82%, 91%, and 87% for ultrasonographic diagnosis. By using ultrasonographic diagnosis when cytological specimens were inadequate or gave false negative results, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy went up to 89%, 91%, and 90%, respectively. We could not diagnose follicular carcinomas accurately by combined cytology and ultrasonography. The combination of ultrasonography and cytology improves the accuracy of diagnosis of thyroid nodules, but is less effective with follicular tumours.

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