Abstract
A new variational finite element method that directly solves the magnetic or electric field in three-dimensional cavities is proposed. The novelty is in the way the boundary conditions are implemented and the manner in which the H- and E-field vectors are rendered nondivergent. Principal vector boundary conditions and the zero divergence condition are treated as constraints and implemented by a technique based on connection matrices. The formulation is based on a curvilinear brick-type finite element with 27 interpolation nodes.

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