Effects of 2.45‐GHz microwaves on primate corneal endothelium

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Abstract
Both eyes of anesthetized cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were irradiated with 2.45‐GHz microwaves, either pulsed or continuous wave. In vivo corneal endothelial abnormalities were observed by specular microscopy and confirmed through histologic techniques after a 16‐ to 48‐hour postexposure period. Pulsed microwaves with an average power density of 10 mW/cm2 (equivalent to a specific absorption rate (SAR) = 2.6 W/kg) produced these effects, while levels of 20‐30 mW/cm2 (equivalent to a SAR = 5.3 to 7.8 W/kg) with continuous wave irradiation were required to produce similar changes.