History of Atomic Clocks
- 1 January 1983
- journal article
- Published by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards
- Vol. 88 (5) , 301-320
- https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.088.015
Abstract
The history of atomic and molecular standards of time and frequency is traced from the earliest work on molecular and atomic beam resonance techniques to more recent developments that promise improved standards in the future. The various devices currently used as standards are discussed in detail from an historical prospective. The latter part of the article is devoted to a discussion of prospective developments which hold promise for major improvements in accuracy, stability and reproducibility.Keywords
This publication has 3 references indexed in Scilit:
- Double-resonance and optical-pumping experiments on electromagnetically confined, laser-cooled ionsOptics Letters, 1980
- Nonlinear SpectroscopyScience, 1972
- SPECTRAL LINES AS FREQUENCY STANDARDSAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1952