Atomic force microscopy of single- and double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid

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Abstract
The atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to image double-stranded DNA and single-stranded DNA adsorbed onto mica modified by Ba (II). Images of double-stranded DNA show an open circular shape without drastic contortions, and contour lengths that measure within 7% of the calculated length. Images of single-stranded DNA show two distinct forms; compact open circles with ‘‘nodes’’ or lumps almost uniformly distributed are the most frequently observed while less abundant are highly elongated circles with a few nodes. Heating the single-stranded DNA sample and altering the solvent conditions prior to adsorption was found to increase the number of elongated circular molecules observed in the AFM images.

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