The crystallization and melting of unvulcanized natural rubber in the unstretched state have been investigated at different temperatures. Change of volume has been used as a quantitative measure of the extent of crystallization, and mercury‐filled dilatometers containing the rubber have been used for the volume measurements. Crystallization was observed to occur at temperatures between −50° and +15°C and to be most rapid at about −25°C. The final decrease of volume on crystallization was usually found to lie between 2.0 and 2.7 percent. The melting of the crystalline rubber was found to occur over a range of temperature and to be strongly dependent on the temperature at which the crystals were formed. The temperature at which the beginning of melting occurs is from 4° to 7° above the temperature of crystallization. The range of melting is about 35° at the lowest temperatures and decreases to about 10° at the highest. The same range of temperature of melting is obtained regardless of the extent of the crystallization.