Effect of a free radical scavenger, 3,4,5‐trichlorophenol, on ethylene production and on changes in lipids and membrane integrity during senescence of petals of cut carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus)

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Abstract
Three free radical scavengers were tested: sodium benzoate, propyl gallate and 3,4,5‐trichlorophenol. One of the compounds, namely 3,4,5‐trichlorophenol, was capable of prolonging the vase‐life of carnations (Dianthus caryophylius L. cv. Ember). A delay in the appearance and a much lower intensity of the ethylene peak were associated with this positive effect on the morphology. Also the loss of membrane integrity, the breakdown of fatty acids of polar lipids and the massive production of peroxides occurred much later after treatment with 3,4,5‐trichlorophenol than in the controls. Free radicals thus appear involved in the process of ageing in carnation petals, where they affect ethylene synthesis and where their action on lipids leads to the loss of membrane integrity. It is suggested that the peroxidation plays a fundamental role and that ethylene appears as a by‐product of the senescence process rather than an initiating factor.