Microwave magnetic-envelope dark solitons in yttrium iron garnet thin films

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Abstract
Dark solitons of magnetostatic surface waves in magnetic films have been observed for the first time. The experiments were conducted at 5.19 GHz on 7.2 μm single-crystal yttrium iron garnet films. The dark solitons were excited by 15 ns wide ‘‘off’’ pulses in a high power cw microwave signal applied to the film. The characteristic soliton narrowing effect in the output pulses was observed as the input power was increased above the 0.5–1 W threshold levels. The shape of the ‘‘dark’’ pulse agrees with the ‖tanh‖ functional dependence predicted from theory. Direct measurements of the carrier signal showed a phase shift of close to 180° at the center of the dark soliton, also in agreement with theory.