Abstract
In this introduction I wish to analyse the problems that we face when using n.m.r. to tackle biological states in vivo . I shall refer to high resolution n.m.r. only, since the second half of the Discussion is devoted to low field methods. When referring to in vivo systems I shall include isolated whole cell systems, excised whole organs, and whole body studies, but I shall not discuss extracted chemical solutions. Studies of extracted solutions proceed by conventional means. I shall use a range of observations for illustrative purposes; most of these observations refer to work in which I have played a part at Oxford. The people who have been concerned in initiating this work are Dr I. D. Campbell, Dr C. M. Dobson, Dr P. E. Wright, Dr B. Levine, Dr A. Daniels and Dr R. G. Ratcliffe. In this symposium Dr Campbell and Dr Dobson will report in detail on some of their independent work.

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