Modulation of TRPs by PIPs

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Abstract
The TRP superfamily of cation channels encompasses 28 mammalian members related to the product of the Drosophila trp (transient receptor potential) gene. TRP channels have a widespread distribution in many cell types and organs and gate in response to a broad variety of physical and chemical stimuli; as such, they can be considered as ubiquitous cellular sensors. Several recent studies reported modulation of different TRP channels by phosphoinositides, in particular by phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐bisphosphate (PIP2). In most cases, PIP2 promotes TRP channel activation. Here we provide a brief overview of current insights and controversies about the mechanisms and structural determinants of PIP2–TRP channel interactions, and zoom in on the regulation of the Ca2+‐ and voltage‐gated TRPM4 by phosphoinositides.