Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis in the Lewis Rat: Further Delineation of Active Sites in Guinea Pig and Bovine Myelin Basic Proteins

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Abstract
Highly encephalitogenic peptide (37–88), derived from the guinea pig myelin basic protein by peptic digestion, was treated chemically to destroy its tyrosyl and histidyl residues and enzymatically to remove its C-terminal sequence Val-His-Phe. Neither of the modifications resulted in loss of activity in Lewis rats. The encephalitogenic region within peptide (37–88) was located by examination of derivative peptides obtained by selective proteolytic cleavage. The results showed that peptide (61–88), like peptide (43–88), was fully active at the level of 0.02 nmole whereas peptides (72–88) and (72–84) were fully active at levels of 0.5 and 2.5 nmole, respectively. In contrast, peptides (43–71) and (75–88) were completely inactive. These results demonstrated that the undecapeptide Gln-Lys-Ser-Gln-Arg-Ser-Gln-Asp-Glu-Asn-Pro (residues 72–84), although not as encephalitogenic as peptides (43–88) or (61–88), does contain the elements essential for the induction of disease. At the levels tested (10.8 and 2.2 nmole) only peptides (43–88) and (61–88) were capable of inhibiting the induction of disease by passively transferred lymph node cells; this inhibition, however, was less than that achieved by the intact guinea pig basic protein. Further studies on the encephalitogenicity of the bovine basic protein in Lewis rats demonstrated that the active site in the C-terminal half of this protein is present in its entirety within residues 89 to 115.