Effect of Patient Navigation With or Without Financial Incentives on Viral Suppression Among Hospitalized Patients With HIV Infection and Substance Use

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Abstract
The US National HIV/AIDS Strategy calls for improved engagement in care and increased viral suppression for people living with HIV.1 Yet it has been estimated that only 30% of the 1.2 million persons with HIV infection in the United States in 2011 were virally suppressed,2 and according to data collected during 1999-2007 from an observational HIV natural history study,3 many were hospitalized with conditions preventable through HIV treatment. Substance use is likely a major factor in poor HIV clinical outcomes.4,5 To improve their health, persons with HIV infection and substance use may require treatment for substance use disorders in concert with HIV treatment.6,7 Few randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have evaluated such approaches.