PATHOLOGIC CHANGES PRODUCED BY 100-PACER SNAKE VENOM AND ITS PURIFIED PROTEINASES; WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO HEMORRHAGIC LESION

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Abstract
Pathologic changes, in particular the hemorrhage in organs, produced by intravenous injection of a lethal to sublethal dose of 100-pacer snake (Agkistroden acutus) venom and its purified proteolytic enzymes (Ac1-, Ac2-, and Ac3-proteinase) were studied in mice. Death occurred within 24 hours after the injection, the lethal activity of Ac1-proteinase was twice as powerfull as those of both Ac2-, and Ac3-proteinase. The pathologic changes in the animals injected with the venom and each of three proteinases were characterized by bleeding into various organs, the representative organs involved in the hemorrhage were the lung and heart with the venom, the kidny and stomach with Ac1-proteinase, the stomach and small intestine with Ac2-proteinase, and the lung with Ac3-proteinase, respectively. Peculiar changes, seen only in mice injected with the proteinases, were glomerular hemorrhages with cystic lesion of the glomerular tuft, and multifocal hepatic hemorrhages resembling peliosis hepatis. The renal change characterized by segmental cystic dilatation of the glomerular tuft due. to mesangiolysis and bleeding into the Bowman's space was found in mice with each of three proteinases, but not with the venom. The hepatic lesion resembling peliosis hepatis was only investigated in some of mice with Ac2-, and Ac3-proteinase.

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