Further determinations of direct osmotic pressures

Abstract
The following communication is a record of the experiments made up to the time when Mr. Hartley left the laboratory on account of the war. In one or two directions our researches are not complete, but we think the results, so far as we have gone, present sufficient interest to warrant their publication. The results are divided into two parts. To part 1 are relegated the experiments on non-ionised substances. These were selected chiefly with a view to satisfying two criteria—(1) that the membrane should be as truly semi-permeable as possible (a large solute molecule seems to be necessary for this); (2) that the substances should be as soluble as possible, so that both direct and indirect (vapour density) osmotic Pressures can be measured satisfactorily. It may be recalled that the vapour density method is somewhat inaccurate for solutions having lower osmotic pressures than 70 atmospheres.

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