Corneal D.C. recordings of slow ocular potential changes such as the ERG c-wave and the light peak in clinical work

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Abstract
A set-up for D.C. recordings of slow ocular potentials such as the c-wave of the electroretinogram (ERG) as well as the fast oscillation (FO), the light peak (LP) and the dark trough (DT) in both clinical and experimental work is described. It includes matched calomel half-cells connected by saline-agar bridges to a corneal contact lens on the eye and a reference chamber on the forehead, a low-drift differential-input D.C. amplifier, an A/D converter, a computer, a thermoprinter, a flexible disc memory, a plotter, and a device for light stimulation controlled by the computer. Examples of the usefulness of the set-up in clinical work are shown in the form of D.C. c-wave ERGs of normal subjects as well as of patients with vitelliform macular degeneration, choriocapillaris atrophy, and retinitis pigmentosa. The direct corneal recording of the FO and LP is demonstrated as well. The different origins of the standing potential (SP) of the eye, the ERG c-wave, the FO and the LP are reviewed briefly.