Synthesis and properties of sulfated alkanolamides

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Abstract
High purity alkanolamides were prepared by the sodium catalyzed reaction of methyl stearate, methyl palmitate and methyl laurate with ethanolamine, 2‐hydroxypropylamine, 3‐hydroxypropylamine and N‐methyl N‐hydroxyethylamine. The effect of structure on the surface active properties of the sulfation products was investigated. Stability studies showed that sulfated N‐methyl N‐hydroxyethylstearamide hydrolyzed rapidly by first order kinetics in acid or base. Sulfated hydroxyalkyl primary amides hydrolyzed slower in basic media following second order kinetics. Methyl groups attached to the N atom or to C in the short aliphatic chain improved solubility but had little effect on critical micelle concentration. The alkanolamides of palmitic and stearic acids were good detergents and lime soap dispersing agents.

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