A Linear Time Scale for Spatial Vectorcardiographic Data

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Abstract
Spatial vectorcardiograms have certain advantages over electrocardiograms for study of the heart's electric activity. They also have a marked disadvantage in that temporal relations are difficult to represent. Many of the advantages of the spatial vectorcardiogram can be retained and temporal relations can be adequately represented by presenting vectorcardiographic data as simultaneous traces of spatial magnitude and orientation about 2 axes. Such records have been derived from electrocardiographic leads obtained with 2 systems of electrode placement. The information known to beclinically important in the electrocardiogram was present in easily accessible form in these records.