Antigens Involved in Vaccination of Swine against Aujeszky's Disease (Pseudorabies) Virus

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Abstract
Summary: The polypeptide and glycopolypeptide composition of a local virulent Aujeszky's disease virus (suid herpesvirus 1, SHV‐1) strain (E‐974) was determined in order to characterize the individual SHV‐1 antigens inducing the serological responses in immunized and non‐immunized animals. A commercially available inactivated vaccine of known efficacy and three experimental immunogen preparations (whole inactivated SHV‐1 particles, lectin‐purified glycoproteins from SHV‐1 culture, and a combination of both) were used for immunization. Sera of two‐month old immunized and non‐immunized animals were analyzed by ELISA, seroneutralization and Western immunoblotting prior to and following challenge with E‐974. Sera of 7‐ to 30‐day‐old piglets littered by immunized and non‐immunized sows were likewise analyzed by immunoblotting. The following variables were determined: the total level of anti‐SHV‐1 antibodies, the level of neutralizing antibodies, the IgG responses to individual SHV‐1 antigens, and the clinical parameters and degree of protection of the animals. The whole‐particle experimental immunogen conferred greatest protection, but correlation between antibody levels and the degree of protection was imperfect. Serological responses seemed to be directed against certain structural polypeptides and viral envelope glycoproteins. The glycoprotein immunogen caused a selective response to bands which closely resemble the glycopolypeptides gII and gIII. A 71 kDa component of uncertain location within the viral structure appeared to be one of the main antigens involved in porcine serological response to SHV‐1 and colostral protection of piglets.