Effect of distributed practice on paired-associate learning.

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Abstract
A SUMMARY OF 16 PAIRED-ASSOCIATE (PA) EXPERIMENTS SHOWED THAT ALTHOUGH DISTRIBUTED PRACTICE (DP) SELDOM RESULTED IN PERFORMANCE THAT WAS SIGNIFICANT STATISTICALLY OVER THAT SHOWN UNDER MASSED PRACTICE (MP), THE PREPONDERANCE OF THE NUMERICAL DIFFERENCES FAVORED DP. A SUMMARY OF 9 COMPARISONS BETWEEN MP AND DP ON A 4TH-LEARNED LIST WITH VARIOUS INTERFERENCE PARADIGMS OBTAINING ACROSS LISTS SHOWED THAT DP WAS ALWAYS INFERIOR TO MP. THESE STUDIES FORMED THE BACKGROUND TO A STUDY OF PA LEARNING USING NAIVE SS AND IN WHICH THE VARIABLES WERE INTERTRIAL INTERVAL, SIMILARITY AMONG TRIGRAMS, DEGREE OF FREE LEARNING (FL) PRECEDING PA LEARNING, AND POSITION OF THE TRIGRAMS. THE NEUTRAL MEMBERS OF THE PAIRS WERE WORDS. WITH TRIGRAMS AS STIMULI, DP FACILITATED ONLY WITH HIGH SIMILARITY. WITH TRIGRAMS AS RESPONSE TERMS, NUMERICAL SUPERIORITY OCCURRED AT ALL LEVELS OF SIMILARITY BUT THE EFFECT WAS GREATEST WITH MEDIUM AND HIGH SIMILARITY. FL MARKEDLY FACILITATED PA LEARNING AT ALL LEVELS OF SIMILARITY FOR BOTH TRIGRAM-WORD AND WORD-TRIGRAM PAIRS, BUT IT DID NOT INTERACT WITH INTERTRIAL INTERVAL. AN ASSOCIATIVE-INHIBITION EXPLANATION OF THE DP EFFECT IS SUGGESTED. (21 REF.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

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