Toward Development of Water Soluble Dye Derivatized Nitrosyl Compounds for Photochemical Delivery of NO

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Abstract
This report describes the synthesis, spectroscopy, and photochemistry of a new fluorescein-derivatized iron sulfur nitrosyl compound, the Roussin's red salt ester bis-((μ-S,μ-S‘)-fluorescein-2-thioethyl-ester)-tetranitrosyldiiron (Fluor-RSE). Under continuous photolysis Fluor-RSE decomposes with moderate quantum yields (0.0036 ± 0.0005 at λirr = 436 nm) with the corresponding release of most of the NO carried by the Fe2S2NO4 cluster. Large changes in the optical absorptivity occur upon photolysis of the Fluor-RSE, and these changes have been attributed to the different protic forms available to the fluorescein chromophore as it is separated from the cluster. Steady-state luminescence experiments have shown that the fluorescence of Fluor-RSE is about 85% quenched relative to the model compound ethyl fluorescein (Fluor-Et). Thus, it is clear that excitation of the fluorescein chromophore antennae is followed by energy transfer to the Fe/S/NO cluster at a rate at least comparable to fluorescence. However, the effect of the iron−sulfur core on the fluorescent lifetimes from fluorescein chromophore is much smaller. A single-exponential decay (τ = 3.3 ns) was seen for Fluor-RSE that is only modestly shorter than that for Fluor-Et (τ = 4.5 ns), and this is the effect of the smaller radiative rate constant (kr) for the former. These systems further demonstrate that attachment of a pendant dye chromophore as an antenna significantly improves the effective rate for photochemical NO generation from the Roussin's red salt esters at longer excitation wavelengths.