Gentamicin and Tobramycin

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Abstract
The antimicrobial activity and pharmacokinetic properties of gentamicin and tobramycin are very similar and it is for this reason that their ototoxic properties will be considered together rather than separately. To varying degrees the aminoglycoside antibiotics all possess the potential to result in both nephrotoxic and ototoxic situations; thus, a major consideration in the selection between the aminoglycoside antibiotics for the treatment of Gram-negative infections must be their comparative toxicity. In general, the aminoglycoside antibiotics currently in widest clinical use are gentamicin and tobramycin, and thus, the majority of comparative toxicity studies consider these two aminoglycosides. A major influence on any results made of such comparative studies, whether in consideration of direct toxicities of tobramycin and gentamicin, or any of the other aminoglycosides, must be the general clinical condition of the patient receiving these antibiotics. The Gram-negative infections for which these antibiotics are being administered occur most frequently in either the young or the old, in patients who have received other antibiotics, immunosuppressives, or cytotoxic agents, and may have an abnormal immunoresponsiveness.

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