Homodyne tomography characterization and nonlocality of a dual-mode optical qubit
Abstract
A quantum bit, encoded by a photon present in one of two optical modes, is characterized by means of quantum homodyne tomography. The reconstructed four-dimensional density matrix extends over the entire Hilbert space and thus reveals, for the first time, complete information about the qubit as a state of the electromagnetic field. The experimental data violate the Bell inequality albeit with a loophole similar to the detection loophole in photon counting experiments.Keywords
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