A Lipid Requirement for Photosystem I Activity in Heptane-extracted Spinach Chloroplasts

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Abstract
A lipid requirement for photosystem I activity in Spinacia oleracea chloroplasts has been characterized. The transfer of electrons from tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine through the chloroplast photosystem to viologen dye was used as an assay of photosystem I activity. Activity is diminished by prolonged heptane extraction and is partially restored by readdition of the extracted lipid. Extracted chloroplasts require plastocyanin for maximal restoration of activity. The effect of lipid extract in restoration is partially replaced by triglycerides containing unsaturated, C18 fatty acids. Various potential redox carriers which occur naturally in chloroplasts do not substitute for extracted lipid. Galacto-lipids, sulfolipids, and phospholipids are not involved in the restoration of activity.