Small-signal analysis of response of mammalian muscle spindles with fusimotor stimulation and a comparison with large-signal responses

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Abstract
1. Response dynamics of primary and secondary muscle spindle endings to small-amplitude sinusoidal stretches were found to be unaltered by tonic repetitive stimulation of fusistatic or fusidynamic fibers. 2. Overall sensitivity of these receptors is decreased by fusistatic stimulation and either unchanged, increased, or decreased by fusidynamic stimulation at rates of 75/s or greater. 3. In the case of primary endings, the results obtained with small-amplitude sinusoidal stretches are not compatible with the response of these receptors to large-amplitude ramp stretches. The difference is explained by dependence of receptor dynamics on stretch amplitude. Fusistatic stimulation tends to prevent those changes in dynamics, whereas fusidynamic stimulation tends to enhance them. 4. In the case of secondary endings, the results obtained with small- and large-amplitude stretches appear to be compatible with a linear model for this receptor (i.e., one with dynamics independent of input parameters). 5. By modulating the frequency of stimulation applied to fusimotor fibers and comparing the resulting afferent response to the receptor response to stretch dynamic characteristics of intrafusal muscle contraction can be deduced. The results suggest that the dynamics of fusiastatic and fusidynamic contraction are the same and, furthermore, that they are the same as those of extrafusal muscle. We note that the result is incompatible with measurements of the time course of twitch and tetanus development and suggest, therefore, that muscle dynamics are a function of contractile state.