The effect of a Rhizoctonia solani phytotoxin on potatoes

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Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani produces a nonenzymatic, low-molecular-weight phytotoxin in liquid culture. Many of the disease symptoms on potato attributed to this pathogen can be induced with this toxin. These include root necrosis and stolon pruning, leaf curling, stunting, and leaf margin chlorosis. In cases of extreme susceptibility, the plants could be killed within 1 week. The toxin has similar effects on radish, beet, and corn seedlings and acts as a growth hormone in low concentrations. A technique was designed to evaluate potato clones for their resistance to the root necrosis phase of the disease syndrome. With additional purification, the toxic fraction was identified as phenylacetic acid and its metahydroxylated derivative.

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