Influence of temperature and water potential on root growth of white oak

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Abstract
Root growth of white oak (Quercus alba L.) was observed under field conditions using a rhizotron. The effects of temperature, soil water potential, and leaf water potential were evaluated on three measures of root growth and development: root elongation rate, number of growing roots, and root growth intensity (sum of projected root area compared to the total root viewing area). Root elongation rate was linearly related to changes in soil temperature and soil water potential. At soil temperatures less than 17deg;C, temperature was the dominant factor affecting rate of growth, bat at temperatures greater than 17°C soil water potential became the important factor. Unlike root elongation rate, the number of growing roots and root growth intensity increased at cold soil temperatures (8°C) and at soil water potentials of‐0.3 to ‐0.8 MPa. At high soil water potentials (‐0.1 MPa) root elongation rate reached a maximum while the number of growing roots and root growth intensity were low. These differences showed that root growth and development were not exclusively affected by the soil environment. In addition, the relationship between root growth and predawn leaf water potential suggested that root growth was a contributing factor to the drought resistance of white oak.