Measurement of Carbon Dioxide Compensation Points of Freshwater Algae

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Abstract
A technique is described for the measurement of total dissolved inorganic carbon by acid release as CO2 followed by its conversion to methane and detection by flame ionization in a modified gas chromatograph. This method was used to determine the dissolved inorganic carbon concentration reached at compensation point when algae were allowed to photosynthesize in a closed system in a buffer at known pH, and the CO2 compensation point was calculated from this concentration. The CO2 compensation points of 16 freshwater algae [Axenic cultures of Anabaena flos-aquae (Lyngbye) Breb, Anacystis nidulans Richt., Coccochloris peniocystis Kutz., Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chick, Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Cladophora glomerata (L.) Kutz, Navicula minima var. atomoides (Grun.), Navicula pelliculosa (Breb.) Hilse, Phormidium molle, Mougeotia sp., Stigeoclonium sp., Zygnema sp., Chlorella fusca, Asterionella formosa and Cyclotella meneghiniana] were measured at acid and alkaline pH in air-saturated medium: at acid pH the CO2 compensation points ranged 4.8-41.5 .mu.l/l while at alkaline pH they ranged 0.2-7.2 .mu.l/l. Removal of O2 from the medium caused a slight lowering of compensation point at acid pH but had little effect at alkaline pH. These low, O2-insensitive compensation points are characteristic of C4 plants. These low CO2 compensation points are apparently maintained by an active bicarbonate uptake by algae especially at alkaline pH.