Solid Phase Adherence Assays: Alternatives to Conventional Blood Bank Tests

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Abstract
Solid phase assays, using intact red blood cells as indicators, have been developed as alternatives to routine tests based on hemagglutination. Solid phase ABO and Rh grouping assays employed microtitration plates whose wells had been precoated with antibody. Patient or donor red cells are added to the wells and the plates centrifuged. To detect unexpected red cell-related antibodies, test sera are added to wells coated with reagent red cells. A wash phase removes unbound immunoglobulins, anti-IgG and IgG-sensitized cells are added, and the plates centrifuged. In both assay systems, positive and negative test results appear as effacement and noneffacement, respectively, of red blood cells. The performance of solid phase grouping and detection assays was evaluated in comparison to tube hemagglutination tests. Results indicate that solid phase assays are sensitive and specific. Moreover, the simplicity of solid phase assays makes them desirable alternatives to existing hemagglutination techniques.

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