Morphogenesis of rat lingual filiform papillae

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Abstract
The morphogenesis of filiform papillae on rat tongue was investigated with the electron microscope. Tongue rudiments were first seen on the 12th day of gestation. At 15–17 days, dermal papillae had formed and were arranged in hexagonal array on the dorsal lingual surface. Capping each dermal papilla was a two-layered epithelium that protruded slightly above the lingual surface, thus forming the early filiform papilla. In the next stage of development, at 18–19 days of gestation, the epithelium lining the papilla had differentiated into two cell populations, one producing hard keratin, the other producing soft keratin. Some of the keratinized epithelial cells assumed a position at an acute angle to the tongue surface and extended deep into the epithelium. In the next stage, 20–21 days, a cleft appeared within these angularly oriented cells. This resulted in the division of the epithelium into keratin-lined individual filiform papillae. Finally, the individual papillae increased in size to the adult form.