Yersinia aldovae (Formerly Yersinia enterocolitica-Like Group X2): a New Species of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Aquatic Ecosystems

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Abstract
Previously, a group of 40 Y. enterocolitica-like strains that were isolated fromwater and fish were called group X2. These strains produced acid from L-rhamnose, did not ferment sorbose, cellobiose, melibiose or raffinose, and rarely fermented sucrose (5% in 48 h, 10% in 7 days). This pattern of reactions separated group X2 strains from Y. enterocolitica, Y. intermedia, Y. frederiksenii and Y. kristensenii. Positive reactions for acetoin production (Voges-Proskauer test), ornithine decarboxylase and lack of acid production from melibiose distinguished group X2 strains from Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y. pestis. Group X2 strains exhibited variable reactions only in tests for citrate utilization, hydrolysis of Tween 80 and acid production from maltose. Genetically, group X2 strains formed a single DNA hybridization group with an average level of relatedness of 86% or more (86% as determined by the S1 method at 60.degree. C or by the hydroxyapatite method at 75.degree. C and 92% as determined by the hydroxyapatite method at 60.degree. C). The level of divergence among related sequences in 60.degree. C reactions was 0.5%, as determined by the hydroxyapatite method. The relatedness of group X2 strains to other Yersinia spp. was 42-73% in 60.degree. C reactions. The divergence in these reactions was 11.0-15.5% and the relatedness to other yersiniae in 75% C reactions was 21-38%. Group X2 strains were 11-32% related to 67 species of the Enterobacteriaceae that belonged to genera other than Yersinia. On the basis of these biochemical and genetic data, it is believed that group X2 represents a single new species in the genus Yersinia. The name Y. aldovae sp. nov. is proposed for this species. The type strain of Y. aldovae is strain CNY 6005 (= CDC 669-83 = ATCC 35236).

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