Panic Attacks and Phobias

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Abstract
UNTIL recently panic disorder was viewed almost exclusively in psychological terms. It was believed that the patient was overreacting to a life stress or an "unconscious" conflict.1 A growing body of evidence now suggests that we revise this view in favor of a medical-illness model.2 , 3 This model suggests that in contrast to stress-related situational anxiety, panic disorder is associated with a biochemical abnormality in the nervous system, to which there is a genetic vulnerability.3 4 4a This new view has important implications for treatment and research.Natural HistoryPanic disorder usually starts with paroxysmal attacks of anxiety that strike suddenly, without warning, . . .

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