The Involvement of Endotoxin in Halothane-associated Liver Injury

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Abstract
Since endotoxin, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), have been implicated as a causative factor in the development of hepatic necrosis in rats exposed to hepatotoxic levels of several chemical agents, the role of LPS in the halothane-hypoxia (HH) model of hepatic damage in male Sprague-Dawley rats was investigated. When injected i.v., immediately after halothane anesthesia, a subnecrotic dose of LPS (0.5 mg/kg; E. coli 026:B6) was found to markedly potentiate HH-induced hepatic necrosis. Pretreatment of the animals with the antiendotoxin agent, lactulose, prior to exposure to halothane reduced the hepatic damage normally seen from HH. A possible mechanism of LPS-induced potentiation was indicated by changes in hepatic Ca levels at 24 h after treatment. Endogenous LPS may play a role in HH-induced hepatic necrosis, and the mechanism of LPS-induced potentiation may be due to an LPS-related membrane dysfunction.