Chemical investigation of the hornet (Vespa xanthoptera Cameron) venom. The structure of a new bradykinin analogue "Vespakinin-X".

Abstract
The biological active substances in the venom of hornet (Vespa xanthoptera) on the rat uterus, the rat arterial blood pressure, the guinea pig ileum and the rabbit erythrocytes were investigated. A new type of bradyskinin analogous peptide, vespakinin-X, was identified as hornet-kinin. The amino acid sequence of vespakinin-X was found to be Ala-Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg-Ile-Val. In addition to the presence of vespakinin-X, histamine, acetylcholine-like substances and large amounts of serotonin were demonstrated in the venom.

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