Components of Type A Behavior and Task‐Induced Cardiovascular Activation

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Abstract
The present study sought to determine whether there are subcomponents of the Type A behavior pattern that are more closely related to cardiovascular reactivity than others. The components studied were factor analytically derived subscales of the Jenkins Activity Survey denoting Irritation and Impatience, on the one hand, and Hard-Driving and Competitive, on the other. Heart rate, pulse transit time, forearm electromyography, and palmar skin conductance were measured while the subjects performed a continuous perceptual motor task, as well as during baselines before and after the task. The Irritation and Impatience dimension was consistently related to task-induced changes in heart rate, both in regression analyses and in extreme group analyses of variance. A significant relation was also observed for pulse transit time but not for electromyography. The Hard-Driving and Competitive dimension, on the other hand, was not related to any psychophysiological measures. These results were interpreted to mean that Irritable and Impatient subjects showed a cardiovascular reaction pattern indicative of active coping processes during task performance.