Differences in protein patterns of gill epithelial cells of the fish Gillichthys mirabilis after osmotic and thermal acclimation

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Abstract
Different protein patterns in gill epithelium of a euryhaline and eurythermal teleost fish ( Gillichthys mirabilis , Family Gobiidae) in response to long-term (2 months) osmotic and thermal acclimation were found for the first time. Gill epithelial cells were isolated to remove extracellular proteins and quantify specialized cell types. Chloride cells were identified on the basis of size (>10 μm) and bright appearance after [2-( p -dimethylaminostyryl)-1-methyl-pyridinium-iodine] staining. Small mitochondria-rich cells were 85% of cells). Thus, they represented the major protein source in gill epithelium. Differences in protein patterns were detectable using two-dimensional but not one-dimensional electrophoresis. Of 602 proteins identified by charge and molecular weight properties, only two were induced by high temperature (25°C) and three in response to cold acclimation (10°C). Nine proteins were induced in diluted seawater-acclimated fish, whereas no seawater-induced proteins were found. We hypothesize that proteins induced under dilute seawater conditions are important for the function of pavement cells in gills of hyper-osmoregulating G. mirabilis .