4,6-O-[1-Cyano-2-(2-iodophenyl)ethylidene] Acetals. Improved Second-Generation Acetals for the Stereoselective Formation of β-d-Mannopyranosides and Regioselective Reductive Radical Fragmentation to β-d-Rhamnopyranosides. Scope and Limitations
- 25 March 2006
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Chemical Society (ACS) in The Journal of Organic Chemistry
- Vol. 71 (9) , 3452-3463
- https://doi.org/10.1021/jo0526688
Abstract
The [1-cyano-2-(2-iodophenyl)]ethylidene group is introduced as an acetal-protecting group for carbohydrate thioglycoside donors. The group is easily introduced under mild conditions, over short reaction times, and in the presence of a wide variety of other protecting groups by the reaction of the 4,6-diol with triethyl (2-iodophenyl)orthoacetate and camphorsulfonic acid, followed by trimethylsilyl cyanide and boron trifluoride etherate. The new protecting group conveys strong β-selectivity with thiomannoside donors and undergoes a tin-mediated radical fragmentation to provide high yields of the synthetically challenging β-rhamnopyranosides. The method is also applicable to the glucopyranosides when high α-selectivity is observed in the coupling reaction and α-quinovosides are formed selectively in the radical fragmentation step. In the galactopyranoside series, β-glycosides are formed selectively on coupling to donors protected by the new system, but the radical fragmentation is unselective and gives mixtures of the 4- and 6-deoxy products. Variable-temperature NMR studies for the glycosylation step, which helped define an optimal protocol, are described.Keywords
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