Host lattice effects in the EPR spectra of Gd3+ ion in some hydrated lanthanide sulfates

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Abstract
Electron paramagentic resonance (EPR) studies of Gd3+ in single crystals of Ln2(SO4)3⋅8H2O (where Ln=Pr, Nd, Sm, Dy, and Er as well as Y) have been carried out at 9.4 GHz and 297 K. The spin‐Hamiltonian parameters have been evaluated for each host. An empirical, linear relationship is found to exist between the magnitude of the Gd3+ spin‐Hamiltonian parameter b02 and the ionic radius of the lanthanide host. A similar relationship is found between the ionic radius of the lanthanide host and the total zero field splittings. A nonlinear relationship is observed between the magnitude of the spin‐Hamiltonian parameter b22 and the ionic radius of the host lanthanide. In the sulfates the b02, the b22, and the total zero field splitting show a variation opposite to that predicted on the basis of a point charge model. The EPR results on the sulfates have been compared with our results in LnCl3⋅6H2O.