The regulatory region of the human plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) gene

Open Access
Publisher Website
Google Scholar
Abstract
The human gene for plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) has been isolated and its promoter region characterized. PAI-1 regulation by glucocortiooids, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and the phorbol ester PMA is shown to be exerted at the promoter level. A fragment spanning 805 nuclectides of the 5′ flanking and 72 of the 5′ untraslated region contain information enough to promote transcription and to respond to glucocorticoids when fused to a reporter gene and transfected into human fibrosarccma cells. A moderately repectitive DNA sequence, containing a TATA box, a GRE consensus, a Z-DNA forming sequence and two imperfect direct repeats at the extremities, is present a few nucleotides 5′ of the human PAI-1 gene transcription start site, raising the possiblity that this gene could have been activated by DNA insertion during evolution.