The effect of carrier and carrier priming on the kinetics and pattern of somatic mutation in the VϰOx1 gene

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Abstract
Priming mice with a chicken gamma globulin (CGG) carrier protein significantly accelerated the onset of somatic mutation in the VϰOx1 gene when the mice were subsequently immunized with 2‐phenyl‐5‐oxazolone (phOx) coupled to CGG. The first mutations were already detected 7 days after immunization, while in the true primary response, they are not apparent until day 10. It was also found that comparing the mutation pattern of VϰOx1 genes from hybridomas derived after immunization with phOx coupled to different carriers revealed quite distinct patterns of somatic mutation. Analysis of hybridoma sequences from the primary immune response to phOx‐ovalbumin showed that the codons for Ser29, Ser31 and Lys45 were hot‐spots for somatic mutation. Thus, the frequency and pattern of somatic mutations in the VϰOx1 gene depends on the available T cell help as well as on the complex structure of the immunizing antigen.