Association of Two Types of Virus Particles with Penyakit Habang (Tungro Disease) of Rice in Indonesia

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Abstract
Rice plants with the penyakit habang disease were examined by EM. Two types of virus particles were detected: isometric particles (I) about 30 nm in diameter, and bacilliform particles (B) about 35 nm in diameter and 150-350 nm in length. Plants showing severe symptoms contained both B and I particles, whereas those showing moderate symptoms contained B particles alone. One of the plants showing no clear symptoms contained I particles alone. The I particles were transmitted by Nephotettix virescens but the B particles were transmitted by the insects only when the I particles had been acquired previously or at the same time. Reactions of 8 rice varieties to infection with the B and I particles indicated that tungro symptoms were caused by the B particles and that the I particles intensified the symptoms caused by infection with the B particles.

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