The Coleoptera from a Late-Glacial Deposit at St. Bees, West Cumberland

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Abstract
An investigation of the Coleoptera contained in an organic detritus mud of Late-glacial age. The fauna is considered in relation to the vegetation in which it lived, as portrayed by pollen-analysis. It comprises coleopteran associations comparable with those of open-vegetational associations and markedly different from those of the British Isles at the present time. The zoo-geographical characteristics in fact suggest a comparison with the fauna of the lower latitudes of Scandinavia. The values for the percentage representation of the boreo-alpine, northern oceanic and widespread eurytherm elements are at least three times as great as their values in the lowland fauna of the British Isles at the present time. In association with this there are several heliophilous species which may be compared with the heliophytes of the Late-glacial vegetation.

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