Botulinum Toxin in the Treatment of Neurological Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) has become a valuable tool in the treatment of neurological disorders associated with increased muscle tone and has revolutionized the treatment of dystonia and focal spasticity. It acts at cholinergic nerve terminals by cleaving SNAP-25, a protein involved in the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane.1Cholinergic autonomic parasympathetic and postganglionic sympathetic nerve synapses are also amenable to treatment with botulinum toxin.