Contact Toxicity of Four Synthetic Pyrethroids and Methomyl to Some Adult Insect Parasites

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Abstract
Four synthetic pyrethroids: fenvalerate, permethrin, buthrenin, and NRDC 149 [(.+-.)-d-cyano-m-phenoxybenzyl (.+-.)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2-dimethyl-cyclo-propanecarboxylate] as well as the carbamate methomyl were evaluated at 2 rates for contact toxicity to adults of 5 parasite species, [Diglyphus intermedius (Girsault) (Eulophidae), Opius bruneipes (Gahan) (Braconidae), Apanteles sp., Copidosoma truncatellum (Dalman) (Encrytidae), and Telenomus remus (Nixon) (Scelionidae)]. Methomyl was highly toxic to all species at the maximum rate tested while at least 1 synthetic pyrethroid caused significantly less mortality per species than methomyl. Fenvalerate was generally the least toxic to the parasites and thus the most promising candidate for use in a pest management program on tomatoes for control of the tomato pinworm, Keiferia lycopersicella (Walsingham) and the vegetable leafminer, Liriomyza sativae (Blanchard).

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