THE EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION IN THE TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE THELYGENIC—INTERSEXUAL OFFSPRING OF ORCHESTIA GAMMARELLUS (PALLAS) (AMPHIDOPA; CRUSTACEA

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Abstract
An increase in temperature to 25 or 30°C during embryonic development and the first stages of post-embryonic development in the temperature-sensitive thelygenic offspring of Orchestia gammarellus, brings about a higher male ratio in the broods, that is to say weakens or cancels the action of the feminising factor. The effect appears much earlier at 30 than at 25°C. At 30°C, the results achieved partly depend on the stage of embryonic development during which the heat treatment is applied. The more sensitive stages correspond to gastrulation and the formation of germ layers. The sensitivity to the increased temperature depends on the sexual genotype of the individuals: the 2AYY are more sensitive than the XY animals.